1: The environmental focus has shifted from outside to inside the city. Why has this happened?
A lot of people live in city
2: How much of the world’s population live in cities?
45%
How much of developed countries live in cities?
75%
How much of developing (poor) countries live in cities?
38%
3: What is a megacity? How many are there?
Huge metropolitan area More than 8 million residents
4: As of 2011, which city is the most populated in the world? Which U.S. city is the most
populated?
Tokyo and Japan
5: Why is a city considered to be an ecosystem?
Energy going in and out. Maintain of low energy
6: Define:
Site: readily defended, with good building location, water supplies, access to resources
Situation: Grow up at crucial transportation location
What things are considered when choosing a city location?
good site substrate suitable for building
7: What do city planners tend to do in city centers that is harmful to the environment?
transform a city center from natural to artificial features
8: What was the first large public park in the United States?
center park
9: What is a greenbelt? Why are they important? (Hint: Think of corridors)
connect country side to a garden cities. save pathway of animals go for a walk
10: What is the energy budget of a city?
absorption more heat, more air, evaporation of water, wind (air convection)
11: How does the climate change in a city? Explain why.
pollution, more building, higher population
12: Why are cities called, “Urban Heat Islands”? Explain how this happens.
increase heat from burning
13: How are water pathways changed in the city?
14: How are soils changed in the city?
Modern city has a great impact on soil , no longer replenished by vegetation, construction and the weight of building compact the soil, water logged, locking in organic matter.
15: Why are city dwellers exposed to more pollution?
higher toxic and concentration, more pollution in the air, more human-produced noise, more particulates.
16: What are the main sources of urban pollution?
motor vehicles, stationary power sources, have heating, industry, air pollution, coal-burning
17: What are some professions that specialize in bringing nature into the city?
Urban forestry, land space architecture, city planning civil engineering specializing in urban development.
18: How can vegetation help alleviate city issues?
trees provide shape, park, srubs, plant
19: What are the 4 categories of city wildlife?
can't persist in an urban environment, and disappear, tolerate an urban environment do better elsewhere, adapted, successful
20: How can city environments contribute to conservation of wildlife?
urban kitchen gardens, rives
21: What are animal pests? What are the characteristics that they have in common?
cockronches, fleas, termites, rats, pigeons
22: How are pests controlled in the city?
poison eliminate
23: How can we revitalize urban environments?
A lot of people live in city
2: How much of the world’s population live in cities?
45%
How much of developed countries live in cities?
75%
How much of developing (poor) countries live in cities?
38%
3: What is a megacity? How many are there?
Huge metropolitan area More than 8 million residents
4: As of 2011, which city is the most populated in the world? Which U.S. city is the most
populated?
Tokyo and Japan
5: Why is a city considered to be an ecosystem?
Energy going in and out. Maintain of low energy
6: Define:
Site: readily defended, with good building location, water supplies, access to resources
Situation: Grow up at crucial transportation location
What things are considered when choosing a city location?
good site substrate suitable for building
7: What do city planners tend to do in city centers that is harmful to the environment?
transform a city center from natural to artificial features
8: What was the first large public park in the United States?
center park
9: What is a greenbelt? Why are they important? (Hint: Think of corridors)
connect country side to a garden cities. save pathway of animals go for a walk
10: What is the energy budget of a city?
absorption more heat, more air, evaporation of water, wind (air convection)
11: How does the climate change in a city? Explain why.
pollution, more building, higher population
12: Why are cities called, “Urban Heat Islands”? Explain how this happens.
increase heat from burning
13: How are water pathways changed in the city?
14: How are soils changed in the city?
Modern city has a great impact on soil , no longer replenished by vegetation, construction and the weight of building compact the soil, water logged, locking in organic matter.
15: Why are city dwellers exposed to more pollution?
higher toxic and concentration, more pollution in the air, more human-produced noise, more particulates.
16: What are the main sources of urban pollution?
motor vehicles, stationary power sources, have heating, industry, air pollution, coal-burning
17: What are some professions that specialize in bringing nature into the city?
Urban forestry, land space architecture, city planning civil engineering specializing in urban development.
18: How can vegetation help alleviate city issues?
trees provide shape, park, srubs, plant
19: What are the 4 categories of city wildlife?
can't persist in an urban environment, and disappear, tolerate an urban environment do better elsewhere, adapted, successful
20: How can city environments contribute to conservation of wildlife?
urban kitchen gardens, rives
21: What are animal pests? What are the characteristics that they have in common?
cockronches, fleas, termites, rats, pigeons
22: How are pests controlled in the city?
poison eliminate
23: How can we revitalize urban environments?